Wednesday, 16 February 2011

The rise and fall of Palestinian lead negotiator Saeb Erekat

"I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness, starving, hysterical, naked" - Allen Ginsberg

The resignation of Saeb Erekat on 12 February was the final page from a sad story about how the media can create and destroy a current affairs TV celebrity.

From his beginning as a journalist, then a career politician, Erekat became what could resemble the Britney Spears of Palestinian politics.



In May 1988, Erekat was one of three Palestinians (Haidar Abdel Shafi and Hanan Ashrawi were the others) to participate in ABC Nightline's Town Hall meeting from Jerusalem (photo, above).


Following a career in academia and the media in the West Bank, he came to prominence for the first time as a member of the PLO delegation to the Madrid conference in 1991. Then, he famously put on his shoulders the Palestinian keffiyeh in a sign of defiance of the Israeli interlocutors (second left in the photo above).


And ever since, until the 12 February 2011 resignation, Erekat has become a captive of the news media glamour and fame.

Between the 1993 Oslo process and the aftermath of the 2000 intifada, the man did not spare a chance to appear for comment on various Arab and international media.
He appeared to have had all that wanted: Good looks, excellent English and senior PLO position. He was also a strong believer in the justice of his cause and the independence of his Palestinian character.


Erekat liked this role and it seemed that the role also liked Erekat. From one studio to another, he came out with the smartest, catchiest phrases and quotes that tantalized the taste buds of any news producer or correspondent.

Erekat understood very well the role of the media, particularly in promoting his cause. Why not, when after all, it is the perceptions of personalities on the media is what often define one's understanding - if not final judgment - of the otherwise complex problem of Palestine?

“It's really unfortunate that the only thing that Mr. Netanyahu has decided to stop is the peace process with us.”

"The peace process was as slow as a turtle; and Netanyahu has now overturned this turtle."

Always on TV

However, after he went up the hierarchy of the PLO's negotiation department, Erekat started to evolve: From a head of department and lead negotiator to a sort of a TV celebrity, with an unquenchable addiction to appearance on TV screens.

 Therefore, the next question was what to talk about when peace talks are frozen?


Erekat chose sports. Again, the consistent is his attachment to the media, even though, at times, this caused more embarrassment than benefit to the cause.

Hamas, the rival of Fatah and the PLO, used the video of a report on Erekat's  "chill-out" regime on Israeli Channel 2 to tarnish his image. 



Over the years, Ereikat mastered the role to the extent that - regularly - I wondered as to the relatively long air time he spends commenting on [often the failure] of talks with Israel.

The end

These days, the power of media is immense, and to an extent insurmountable. This was a fact that Ereikat apparently never thought of, apparently until 23 January.


When faced with the Palestine Papers on that day, Ereikat looked gobsmacked as he was begging for air time to breathe out his defence. At one point I thought he would cry.

Al-Jazeera's presentation was also extremely cruel to be fair. Erekat apparently had not been told about the content of the interview and I'd assume he thought it was just "another interview".

In addition, the sad music that accompanied the presentation (strangely on both Al-Jazeera Arabic and English) reminded one of the first scenes of Gillo Pontecorvo's "Battle of Algiers" (1966).

In that scene, an Algerian collaborator was forced to show the French occupation soldiers the hideout of the Fedayeen. He was shameful and humiliated, and that how Erekat looked during the first minutes of that interview.

On the other hand, when I heard that Erekat had told the Israelis "I will give you the biggest Yerushalaym [Jerusalem]" and other quotes that were used against him by Al-Jazeera, I knew very quickly that this was Erekat that we knew.

He was not being a traitor or a sellout. He was just being what he became: a talkative figure that tries to look smart and eloquent.

Palestinian historian and academic Mahdi Abd al-Hadi summarized on Al-Jazeera what happened to Erekat on the same day. He said that Erekat had simply become a "spokesman" and that he was not supposed to treat serious negotiations with the simplicity of a TV appearance.

After that day, it all went downhill for Erekat.




Several days on, he appeared again, this time very furious, aggressive if not feral, in a talk show with Al-Jazeera's Ahmed Mansour. Obviously Al-Jazeera wanted to show that he was not targeted because he was Erekat. But again, it was too late, and Erekat made it even worse, as he grappled with the question of how the documents had been leaked from his office.

In his last interview on Al-Jazeera English, this time on "Frost over the World", Erekat lost all his aggressiveness but not his eloquence. However, he knew it was over as he talked to Sir David Frost.


On 12 February, Erekat tended his resignation, claiming personal responsibility for the leaks.


(Biographical content and photos above, especially the beginnings of Erekat, is from the amazing collection of Palestinian profiles at Lawrence of Cyberia)

Sunday, 13 February 2011

Is it too little too late for Gaddafi?


The Libyan leader appears to be doing all he can to stave off a revolt planned on 17 February in his yard.

He apparently met tribal chiefs, journalists from eastern Libya, sent envoys to rival tribes in Benghazi, and payed tuition fees for Libyan students according to a Libya-based Facebook group.

He also ended a ban on privately-owned Quryna newspaper and a Benghazi radio talk show, and will release Islamist radicals pardoned under a recent reconciliation deal. 

But to what extent a revolt can overthrow Gaddafi?

Shaken

The protest movements in Tunisia and Egypt, the two countries bordering Libya, have certainly shaken the Guide unlike anything else in the past. 

It is enough to look at the time he spent appearing on TVs to comment on what was then happening. He initially sparked an outrage by his praise for Tunisia's former leader Ben Ali. Then, he showed up on Tunisian Nesma TV, in a white suit and a Stevie-Wonder spectacles to praise the Tunisians and their revolt. He was restless and shaken, not knowing what to say in another television disaster.

Later on, he angered the Egyptians by defending Mubarak and describing him as a poor man.

17 Feb revolt

Notwithstanding Gaddafi's fear, a revolt organized on 17 February to topple him may or may not bear fruits. 

First of all, Libya's 6m population are scattered over a vast area of land, with the distance between its eastern and western borders reaching 1,000 km. 

Therefore, a revolt that might succeed in Benghazi or Al-Bayda in the east, might not necessarily unseat Gaddafi from his strongholds of Tripoli or Sirte.

Secondly, Libya's army is run by members close to Gaddafi, who either come from his own Gaddaf al-Damm tribe, or from tribes allied with the latter.

Following the ouster of Tunisia's Ben Ali, there were reports about the arrest of a group of Libyan officers, and well-informed sources about Libya told me it was a failed coup. Therefore, it seems that  cleansing the army of elements suspected

On the other hand, a Libyan Facebook blogger from Qaryounis city was arrested on 11 February, and Gaddafi's proponents are scrambling on Facebook in a fear-mongering drive.

EU, USA stand

One factor that may determine Gaddafi's chances of survival is the reaction by the EU and the USA to the revolts if they get closer to Tripoli.

And I am talking here about clearly calling on Gaddafi not to use lethal power against the protestors as opposed to intervening in the revolt itself. Similar effort should also be made to make sure Gaddafi does not shut down the internet in Libya.

The USA, while enjoying access to Libyan oil and market, sees in him a dictator who failed in transforming his country and nipped in the bud any reforms proposed by his Western-oriented Sayf al-Islam. 

To get a hint of how US foreign policy makers view him, it would be enough to look at this article by Foreign Policy, in which he came second on the list of five "tyrants who should go next".

On the other hand, regarding the EU, Gaddafi is set to take part in a Malta meeting of EU's Mediterranean countries (Group 5+5) to discuss "stability". 

Unlike the case with the USA, Libyan-EU ties go beyond energy and access to markets to illegal migration: For an agreed annual sum of Euros, Gaddafi protects Europe's southern shores (particularly Italy) from an influx of African immigrants, who cross Libya on their way to Europe.

The ties with Europe could also cover joint counter-terrorism efforts such as the fight against Al-Qaeda in North Africa. 

However, the arrival of large numbers of Tunisian immigrants in Lampedusa, Italy, could be one of the things Gaddafi will discuss with his EU counterparts in Malta. 

Day-dream?

A revolt against Gaddafi may be a day-dream, particularly in a country that has been ruled with iron and fire since 42 years. But things after Tunisia and Egypt are not the same as before.
Gaddafi's regime is not mightier than Mubarak's. In addition, steps taken by Mubarak after the onset of the protests did not sway or stop the wrath of the people.

Add to all that, given the failure of Sayf al-Islam to sustain a series of cosmetic reforms,  it is obvious that the Gaddafi's regime is too damaged to be repaired. Therefore, change is necessary, if not inevitable.

Gahgeer, 13 Feb, 2011